Say "NO" to Chronic Diseases

Prostate Cancer

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer develops when cells in the prostate start to grow in an uncontrolled way.

  • Prostate is a small gland in the pelvis found only in men.
  • It is located between the penis and the bladder and surrounds the urethra.
Statistics
Hong Kong

Hong Kong

Incidence rate: 27.5 per 100,000 populations in males

Mortality rate: 4.3 per 100,000 populations in males

(Hong Kong Cancer Registry, 2020)

Pakistan

Pakistan

Incidence rate: 6.3 per 100,000 populations in males

Mortality rate: 3.0  per 100,000 populations in males

(IARC, 2021)

Nepal

Nepal

Incidence rate: 3.0 per 100,000 populations

Mortality rate: 1.5 per 100,000 populations

(IARC, 2021)

India

India

Incidence rate: 5.5 per 100,000 populations

Mortality rate: 2.7 per 100,000 populations

(IARC, 2021)

Indonesia

Indonesia

Incidence rate: 11.6 per 100,000 populations

Mortality rate: 4.5 per 100,000 populations

(IARC, 2021)

Signs and Symptoms

Prostate cancer and prostate enlargement has similar urinary symptoms.

Risk Factors
Age: Risk increases with age
Race/ethnicity

Family medical history

  • If your parent, sibling, or children has prostate cancer, you are at a higher risk of developing the disease.
Screening Tests

Two main tests are performed for prostate cancer screening

  1. Digital rectal exam (DRE): The doctor or nurse inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum and feels the prostate to check for anything abnormal.
  1. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: PSA test is performed to check the level of PSA in the blood.

 

Department of Health (2017). Prostate cancer prevention and screening. Retrieved at:https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/5_prostate_cancer_prevention_and_screening_eng.pdf

Preventive Measures

Eat more vegetables and fruits

Do regular exercise (30 minutes every day)

Reduce alcohol intake

Do not smoke

Maintain a healthy body weight